Roman Numeral Converter

Convert numbers to Roman numerals and back.

Roman numeral

MMXXVI

2,026 = MMXXVI

Roman numeral

MMXXVI

Number

2,026

Character count

In words

two thousand twenty-six

I=1, V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000. A smaller symbol before a larger one is subtracted.

4 is written IV, not IIII — subtractive notation is the standard modern form.
The largest value in standard notation is 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX), because there is no symbol above M.

How the numeral breaks down.
Symbols	Value	Working
MM	2,000	2 × 1000
XX	20	2 × 10
V	5	1 × 5
I	1	1 × 1

What does Roman Numeral Converter do?

Convert between Arabic numbers and Roman numerals in both directions, covering 1 to 3,999 in standard subtractive form. Malformed numerals such as IIII are rejected rather than silently accepted.

How to Use Roman Numeral Converter

1
Enter a number or numeralThe direction is detected automatically.
2
Read the conversionWith the breakdown shown.
3
Use date modeFor converting a full date to numerals.

Key Features

Two-way conversion between Arabic and Roman
Standard subtractive notation, so 4 is IV not IIII
Rejects malformed numerals with an explanation
Date mode for converting a full date
Reference chart of the seven symbols and common values

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the Roman numeral symbols?

I is 1, V is 5, X is 10, L is 50, C is 100, D is 500 and M is 1,000. Everything is built by combining these, with a smaller symbol before a larger one meaning subtraction.

Why is 4 written as IV rather than IIII?

Subtractive notation — a smaller value before a larger one is subtracted, so IV is 5 − 1. IIII does appear on some clock faces for visual balance, but IV is the standard modern form.

What is the largest Roman numeral?

3,999 (MMMCMXCIX) in standard notation, since there is no symbol above M and no more than three may repeat. Larger values historically used a bar above a numeral to multiply it by a thousand.